Wang et al. (2010) conducted an experiment to evaluate the antioxidant activity of goji berries and adopted a distinct methodology. Even though some of the materials and procedures involved were standard protocols, the researchers integrated unique techniques in their research different from those seen in the works of Islam et al. (2017) and Ruffo et al. (2017). In the first experiment for testing scavenging of DPPH free radical, Wang et al. (2010) mixed 1ml of BHA solution with 0.2ml of DPPH and placed in the dark for 30 minutes before recording the observations. In the second experiment to determine the antioxidant capacity, Wang et al. (2010) mixed 20ml of ABTS with 2g of manganese oxide before diluting the mixture with 5mM of an alkaline phosphate buffer. The solution was shaken thoroughly and left to settle in 30 seconds then absorbance was recorded at 734nm.
Bellaio, Carnevale, and Bona (2014) also performed an experiment regarding the sensory, instrumental, and chemical properties of goji berries. The methodology used by Bellaio, Carnevale, and Bona (2014) incorporated sensory evaluation of dry goji berries sampled from six different regions in Italy. On the other hand, the experiments conducted in this project relied on the preparation of various columns of DPPH. As such, the methodology adopted here was different from the techniques by Bellaio, Carnevale, and Bona (2014). The approved samples were then taken for chemical analysis where goji extracts were obtained through treatments with chlorogenic and sinapic acids. A high performance liquid chromatography was incorporated in the experiment together with a diode array detector. These techniques had not been observed in the previous studies. Bellaio, Carnevale, and Bona (2014) also utilized ferric reducing antioxidant power to analyse the scavenging activity of the extracts. On the other hand, this project did not explicitly investigate the ferric reducing capacities of the scavenging assay. Nonetheless, the project tested the degradation activity of DPPH by adding reagents to the 96-wells identified in the methodology.